BEAM Vs COLUMN
BEAM: A beam is a horizontal structural component that resists vertical loads. Its mode of deflection is primarily bending. It transfers loads imposed along its length to its endpoints to walls, column and foundations.
The beam is structural element that stands against the bending. Mainly beam carries vertical gravitational forces, but also pull the horizontal loads on it.
(If structural member transfers any load whichever is acting on it through bending, then that element will be refer as a beam.)
COLUMN: A column is a vertical structural compression element that bears loads mainly in compression. It might transfer loads from a ceiling, floor slab, roof slab to a floor or foundation, it usually transfers loads from superstructure to foundation.
Column plays an essential role in the entire load transfer system, though many columns are embedded forming part of a wall.
Columns are commonly used to support beams or slabs or arches on which the upper parts of walls or ceilings rest. Sometimes a column is a decorative element as well as for structural purpose.
(If structural element transfers the load through compression, it will be called as column.)
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BEAM AND COLUMN
|
SL.NO |
DESCRIPTION |
BEAM |
COLUMN |
|
1 |
Built |
Without a beam, a structure can be constructed. |
Without a column, a structure can’t be built. |
|
2 |
Support |
They are supported by the column one end or both ends. |
They are directly built from the foundation. |
|
3 |
Weight transfer |
It carries weight of slabs, ceiling. Floor, Roof of a building and transfer it to columns. |
It carries load transferred by beam and ultimately transfer it to footing and ground. |
|
4 |
Classification |
Beams are classified based on their support end condition. |
Columns are classified based on their cross-section shape, material for construction and types of loading. |
|
5 |
Shape |
A beam may be square, rectangular, T-shape, I-shape and H-shape. |
A column may be rectangular, circular, square, t-shape, L-shape and C-shape. |
|
6 |
Simple Terms |
Beam is structural member carrying transverse loads. |
Column is also structural member carrying axial loads. |
IMAGES FOR BEAM AND COLUMN
EXAMPLE:
we have a rod of length 5 meter made out of steel and a load “P” to support
- We keep the rod on two supports and then place load on top of it. This time the primary mode of load transfer is by bending and thus we call it a Beam.
- We keep the rod vertical and apply load Horizontally to it. This time the primary mode of load transfer is also be bending and thus we call it a Beam.
- In this case the rod is kept vertically on the floor and the load is placed on top of it. Now the load is being transferred by compression and thus we call it a Column.
- We decide to hand the rod from ceiling and hook the load to the other end of the rod. The load in this case being transferred primarily by tension and thus we call it a Tie.
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